The Shakespeare Authorship Controversy

Could William Shakespeare, the country bumpkin from Stratford-upon-Avon, really be the man behind the World’s greatest ever literary texts? 400 years after his death, the Shakespeare authorship controversy continues. Many scholars simply can’t believe that William Shakespeare could have had the necessary education or life experiences to have written such complex texts–he was, after all, just the son of a glove maker in a rural town! Perhaps at the heart of the Shakespeare authorship controversy is a more philosophical debate: can you be born a genius? If you subscribe to the idea that genius is acquired, then believing that this little man from Stratford could acquire the necessary understanding of the classics, law, philosophy, and dramaturgy from a brief stint at grammar school is a stretch. Shakespeare Was Not Clever Enough! Before we begin this attack on Shakespeare, we should clearly state at the outset that there is no evidence to support these claims–in fact, the Shakespeare authorship conspiracy theories are largely based on â€Å"lack of evidence†. Shakespeare was not intelligent enough: The plays contain a deep knowledge of the classics, yet Shakespeare did not have a university education. Although he would have been introduced to the classics at grammar school, there is no official record of him attending.Where are his books?: If Shakespeare did amass knowledge independently, he would have had a large collection of books. Where are they? Where did they go? They certainly were not itemized in his will. Whilst the above may be a convincing argument, it is based on lack of evidence: records of pupils at Stratford-upon-Avon Grammar School have not survived or were not kept and the inventory part of Shakespeare’s will has been lost. Enter Edward de Vere It was not until 1920 that it was suggested that Edward de Vere was the real genius behind Shakespeare’s plays and poems. This art-loving Earl carried favor in the Royal Court, and so may have needed to use a pseudonym when writing these politically charged plays. It was also deemed socially unacceptable for a noble man to be involved with the lowly world of theater. The case for de Vere is largely circumstantial, but there are many parallels to be drawn: 14 of Shakespeare’s plays are set in Italy – the country De Vere traveled in 1575.The early poems are dedicated to Henry Wriothesley, 3rd Earl of Southampton, who was considering marrying De Vere’s daughter.When De Vere stopped writing under his own name, Shakespeare’s texts soon appeared in print.Shakespeare was heavily influenced by Arthur Golding’s translation of Ovids Metamorphoses – and Golding lived with De Vere for a while. In The De Vere Code, Jonathan Bond reveals ciphers at work in the mysterious dedication that prefaces Shakespeare’s sonnets. In an interview with this website, Bond said, â€Å"I suggest that Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford, wrote the sonnets – and the dedication at the beginning of the sonnets was a puzzle created for the recipient of the collection of poems. The ciphers fit the pattern of wordplay that was widely in evidence amongst writers during the Elizabethan era: they are simple in construction and all of immediate significance to the recipient †¦ My contention is that Edward de Vere was simply entertaining the recipient while avoiding explicitly naming himself in order to prevent a possible embarrassment over the intensely personal nature of the poems.† Marlowe and Bacon Edward de Vere is perhaps the most well-known, but not the only candidate in the Shakespeare authorship controversy. Two of the other leading candidates are Christopher Marlowe and Francis Bacon – both have strong, dedicated followers. Christopher Marlowe: When Shakespeare started writing his plays, Marlowe was killed in a brawl in a tavern. Up until that point, Marlowe was regarded as England’s best playwright. The theory is that Marlowe was a spy for the government, and his death was choreographed for political reasons. Marlowe would then have required a pseudonym to continue writing and developing his craft.Sir Francis Bacon: Cryptic ciphers were hugely popular at this time and supporters of Bacon have found many ciphers in Shakespeare’s texts concealing the identity of Bacon as the true author of Shakespeare’s plays and poems.

Karl Marx’s Views on Family Ethics Essay - 1177 Words

Karl Marx’s Views on Family Ethics Karl Marx and Frederick Engels Karl Marx devoted much of his time to the study of morality, better known as ethics. Karl Marx was a firm believer in Communism and he authored the Communist Manifesto, along with Frederick Engels. Family ethics is an issue dealt with by Karl Marx in his teachings and writings. According to Marx and his co-author, Engels, morality is the slave of interest. Moral codes and ethics are believed to be dependent on the person and relative to the social setting.[1] Ethics are discussed on a philosophical level and also in everyday controversial topic discussions or debates. Marx was a huge supporter of freedom and believed that†¦show more content†¦Another noteworthy fact is that in order to express a group behavior result, the information would have to remain inseparable from his personal being.[4] A necessity to any group collaboration is interaction and therefore it was also key to the ethics displayed by the people of his time. Marx completed a research project in which he studied the interaction and â€Å"social instincts† between animals and humans. He found that the evolution process was similar and several actions are actually made subconsciously.[5] Marx stresses the fact that interaction occurs between all living organisms and this interaction is vital for the survival and future generations. The distinction between human beings and animals is finally made in saying that humans are given the potential of developing their individual identity regardless of societal views on certain issues. Interaction is b elieved by some to be the most crucial solution available to a problem. Marx has opinions and views on so many various topics, but his ideals of Communism are quite clear and do not stray often from his main point. His theory however only addresses landowners and steers clear of other commoners. He does not deal with the minorities of women,Show MoreRelatedMarx, Emile Durkheim, And Max Weber : The Unjust Theory Of The New World1470 Words   |  6 Pages Karl Marx, Emile Durkheim, and Max Weber were all born from a middle-class background in Europe. First Karl Marx was born in (1818-1883), Durkheim (1858-1917), and Max Weber (1864-1920) was close to Durkheim in age, but forty years later after Marx. Karl Marx, Emile Durkheim, and Max Weber are the most essential theorist of the nineteenth century whose theories are well known today. Their thinking was based on the rising of the preindustrial, and industrial revolution society. 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Deviance Essay Example For Students

Deviance Essay Deviance is an individuals or groups behavior, ideas, or attributes that some people in society find offensive, wrong, immoral, sinful, evil, strange, or disgusting. This definition consists of three parts. Expectation: Some behavioral expectation must exist. Violation: There must be a real or implied violation of the expectationReaction: An individual, group, or society must react to the devianceThe strain theory by Robert Merton believes that American society pushes individuals toward deviance by overemphasizing the importance of monetary success, while failing to emphasize the legitimate means to achieve that success. Cultural Transmission Theory by Edwin Sutherland states that deviants learn patterns of behavior form the people with whom they associate on a regular basis. Not only do they teach us the techniques for committing deviant acts, but also a set of beliefs and attitudes that justify or rationalize the behaviorThe Anomie Theory was coined by Emile Durkheim and it refers to the condition of normlessness, in which values and norms have little impact and the culture no longer provides adequate guidlines for behavior. Deviance is also thought of as an individual choice because it appears that the consequences of doing it are more desirable than the consequences of doing something else. The choice is as simple as weighing the pros and cons. Biological theories are a bit weak due to all the exceptions to the rule. William Sheldon proposed that deviance is in the body type. Other theorists say its in the extra Y chromosonePsychologists have attributed antisocial behavior to the conscious mind being too weak to overcome the strength of the id. Labeling theorists attempt to explain how cultural and individual perceptions create and sustain deviant idetities. A deviant is not different from you or I, they are just labeled deviant successfully. Has led sociologists to distinguish between primary and secondary deviance. Primary deviance is the original behavior that leads to the application of the label to an individual. Secondary deviance is the behavior that people develop as a result of having been labeledFunctions of DevianceDeviance actually helps teach societys rules providing illustrations of violation. It is functional in that it 1) causes the groups members to close ranks 2) promotes group solidarity 3) help clarify what society really believes in 4)teaches normal behavior by showing us what is abnormal. Durkheim stated that deviance is an intergral part of all healthy societies.There seems to be a disjunction between means and ends, such as the emphasis on wealth and success without many legitimate means to achieve them. Those individuals without such opportunities attempt to bridge this gap in a number of ways:The conformist seeks to continue the acceptance of the goals and means offered for their attainment. The innovator may continue to accept the goals while seeking new, and in many cases, illegitimate revenues for the attainment of these goals. The ritualist may make the means into an end by rejecting the culturally prescribed goals as being out of his reach. The retreat rejects both the means and ends offered by society by dropping into drug use, menatl illness, alcoholism, homelessness. The rebellious reject both the means and ends while seeking to replace both with alternatives, thereby changing the way society as a whole is structured.

My Ideal Friend free essay sample

I was walking home from school. I was carrying my books and tonnes of homework home. I walked with a heavy stride with my head hanging down, unaware of the chatter and socialising going on around me. Spirits were low and I took my usual route home which usually takes me about 20 minutes. â€Å"What next? I have no idea what to do,† I told myself. Abruptly, I knocked into something and all my books and papers fell to the sidewalk. I lost my footing and went down on my knees together with the rest of my worthless papers which I planned to discard at home. I looked up. I didn’t knock into something; I knocked someone. He was tall, smartly dressed in his uniform and looked at me with the most charming smile. â€Å"I’m sorry,† he said with an almost assuring manner. â€Å"I didn’t see you. I was looking the other way,† â€Å"It’s not your fault. We will write a custom essay sample on My Ideal Friend or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I wasn’t looking at where I was going either. † I told him with my usual soft stuttering manner. â€Å"Here, let me help you with this. You’re new here right? I saw your mother and you unloading the car just 1 week ago. I live not too far from here, I can walk you home too if you don’t mind. † He said. â€Å"Huh? Erm I I think † I tried to say something before he interrupted. â€Å"Don’t worry. I insist. Come on; let’s pick these things up first. † He helped me pick up all the things, carried more than half of the weight I was bearing and started strolling happily alongside till we reached home. Frank was his name and I couldn’t help but be pulled into his beaming sense of optimism in life and his brilliant sense of humour. Before you knew it, Frank and I started hanging out 24 hours a day. Wherever he went, he made sure I was there and since I was new around that area, he  helped me a lot in getting to know new people. Believe it or not, socializing was not my forte and 13 year old teenagers in secondary school can be awfully mean to new faces. I had my fair share of hazing and ragging but Frank who was the bulkier of the two of us made sure I was always safe in school. I remember one time when 3 boys tried to extort money from me. Frank came r ushing with 5 prefects and managed to get them off my back. He was not into fighting fire with fire but he would have given them a knuckle sandwich if they hadn’t walked away. Our 5 years of secondary school passed by so quickly. Having Frank as my best friend really brought out the best in me. I never really knew how he did it, but just by being with him changed me, or more accurately – improved me. He was head prefect and in turn I aspired to be the head librarian. He was active in track and field and I ventured too into the swim team. We were in the best class and his constant encouragement made an average student like me, turn out to be one of the best students in school. By the end of our form 5 year, I was named the Best Student for the SPM examinations with 13 A+. He was not too shabby either with 12 A+ and 1 A. He was always a bit weaker in Biology. We were both given great scholarships and pursued our lifelong dream of being lawyers – our constant bickering and friendly arguments led to that choice. Our alma matter SMK Bukit Gula 3 invited both of us to school to retrieve our awards for our fine achievements in our SPM exams. Being the best student, of course I was invited to give a speech about how I managed to get such good results and become successful.  Ã¢â‚¬Å"5 years ago, I transferred to Bukit Gula from Johor because my dad passed away and my mother, devastated, decided to move here to start things fresh. My dad was my best friend and I never got over his death as he was my confidant and my only source of solace when I hit rock bottom. When I first arrived here, my first week was horrendous. I had no friends, I had no will to open up to new friends, and I was constantly ignored and avoided by everyone. At the end of that torrid first week, I cleaned up my desk, and walked home to commit suicide. I looked at Frank and saw his eyes wider than saucers. I continued, â€Å"However, I met a boy named Frank. I bumped into him that day I decided to end my life; meeting him and befriending him turned my life around and I stand in front of you all today, proud, confident and successful. That small moment of kindness and sincerity he showed me on that day changed my life forever and Frank, my good friend; you will always be in my heart as the one who took me out from the gutter. I will always remember that day so vividly and I will never be able to repay your kindness enough. My success today will always be because of Frank and I will always cherish you as my friend till the last breath I take. I love you and will always be there for you. † Frank was already tearing up while the audience just listened in awe and gave Frank and I a standing ovation fit for that of royalty. I ran down to the crowd and gave Frank a big hug with tears rolling down my eyes and said, â€Å"You have been my friend and more. Thank you. † Frank and I never looked back since, and we remain ideal friends for each other; for the rest of our lives. (984 words)

Light microscope lab report Essays

Light microscope lab report Essays Light microscope lab report Paper Light microscope lab report Paper Then we observed under different magnification powers a certain number of specimens such as, Letter e, threads, and Hay infusion. The results were observed and recorded for the different specimens and it came out to be the higher the magnification the lesser the microscopic field. Introduction: One of the most important instruments in anatomy and physiology is the compound light microscope. The general principle of the microscopy is that the shorter the wavelength of light used in the instrument, the greater the resolution. In the light microscopy, the lenses are arranged so that the images of objects too small to be seen with the naked eye can become highly magnified, so the apparent size can be increased, and their minute detail can be revealed. In this lab we observed the parts of the light microscopy, we identified each part and learned its functions , we also examined a few specimens under different magnifications using different objective lenses, for each specimen we started using the scanning objective then the low-power objective ending with the high- ewer objective in order to get higher magnification. We viewed the samples and made drawings of them Method: We carefully carried the microscope from the cabinet to the desk by placing one hand around the arm and the other firmly under the base. Then using the coarse adjustment knob we rose the body tube to its highest fixed position. Then we placed the slide on the stage , Starting with the letter e sample we started using the scanning objective to observe the sample and then made drawings of it, then we switched to the low-power objective, we used the fine adjustment knob to complete the focusing . After observing letter e under low-power magnification we switched to the high-power objective while assuring that the illumination is at its Max . Drawings were made for each of the samples under each different objectives. For the threads sample, the cheek cells and the hay infusion specimen, the previous steps were done the same. Results : the results for this experiment are the following : under scanning objective : -for the letter e sample the image came out to be flipped under scanning resolution figure (1). Deer low-power objective: we saw more resolution and more details the microscopic field decreased and got smaller as we increased the magnification. Figure (2) Under high-power objective: Only part of letter e showed The microscopic field decreased The resolution increased Figure (3) For the thread slides : we got the same results as the letter e under different magnifications . Under scanning objective: Multiple threads were seen together Figure (a) when we focused on th e red thread the other two got blurry were able to focus through depth. The specimen Figure (b) The microscopic field decreased drastically and we were not able to see the different threads any more For the Hay infusion specimen: Under scanning objective we saw the specimen swimming around the hay We altered the light intensity to view organisms We learned how to prepare a wet mount Figure (c) For the cheek cells : After scrubbing inside the mouth to get a human cheek cells, we observed the cheek cells under different objectives, we also can used chemical dyes to enhance the vision of the cheek cells. Figure (d) Discussion: Using the light microscope we were able to observe the little details for each of the samples under different magnifications , we came out with that the higher the magnification the smaller the microscopic field gets, and as we increase resolution we can see more details in the specimens. What give the microscope its ability to go through the little details is its power microscopic lenses, for each light microscope it has two sets of lenses the ocular lenses which has lox magnification power and the objective lenses which they can reach up to xx signification power, so whenever we view something under the light microscope we get magnification from both lenses , for example : under high- power objective we get magnification of total 10 x 40 = 400 times bigger of the original sample . E also were able to know that under different depth of the specimen we are able to focus on certain part of them using the fine adjustment knob. In some cases not all sample could be seen under the microscope because some of them are colorless so we add chemical dyes to get a better vision. Conclusion : In this lab we learned the parts and the proper use of the light microscope, and we were able to view the interception of images through the microscope, and we learned the The concept of ma gnification.

Facebook IPO Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Facebook IPO - Case Study Example A share lockup happens when an organization chooses to open up to the world. The organization builds lockup periods wherein existing shareholders are not permitted to offer their possessions. The design is to make help for the stock, seeing as how on numerous events the biggest holders are insiders and the individuals who claimed preceding the organization getting to be open. A lockup secures the retail financial specialist - there is an inaccessible cautioning (when the IPO is recorded) in respect to when these shares "could" hit the business and these speculators regularly undercut or the stock preceding the lockup lapse. In principle, if a substantial number of extra imparts come to market, it diverts from the offset of supply and interest, in this way, pushing the stock lower as insiders and unique financial specialists offer in the open business sector. A Look Back at a Past Expiration is evident whereby Solarcity declined 5% on Tuesday when more than 61 million shares went to t he business sector. Presently, Solarcity has 75.35 million shares remarkable. Hence, the organization's present termination is more than 80% of its impacts extraordinary; significance an incredible measure of offering weight was relied upon to hit the business. Morgan technology investment is the lead underwriter keeping in mind that it owns the largest shares on the Facebook market platform and that it leads to roles in future of the company’s debt offerings as well as acquisitions. The determination of underwriters ranking is unveiled through the number of ones shares in which for our case, Morgan technology Investment currently and as per the case study holds the highest percentage shares of tech IPOs.The business of Facebook is to remain social where people hang out while sharing their moments in life and then it posts advertisement along side of that status update highway to earn from their customers. Facebook engage people where they are already engaged. Their products include creating facebook hub pages, advertising, maximizing customer knowledge and measuring advertisement insights.

Griswold v. Connecticut Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Griswold v. Connecticut - Research Paper Example In 1873, the government enacted law United States of American that among other things, prohibited people, even those in legal marriages, from using any kind of contraceptive. The laws were called the Comstock Law and had been in place until 1965. The Comstock law also prohibited physicians from giving advice or suggesting to their patients the use of such contraceptives. It also had many other clauses that related to moral issues including the use of the national postal service to send erotic materials, sex toys, and any other item that may be immoral. It prevented the use of any drug for purposes of contraception and prohibited the sale of such a drug or item. This law, was never enforced and by the early 1950s, Connecticut and Massachusetts were the only states in the USA that were still having the provisions of this law in their books of law. The Comstock law was to later be challenged by many people and the public outcry was big especially in the beginning of the 20th century. Up until the court repealed the Comstock law, doctors avoided the topic such as the publications of any research in such matters.